Almost 30 years of armed conflict made Cambodia one of the most mine-affected nations in the world. Nearly half of all Cambodian villages are contaminated by mines and explosive remnants of war (ERW), and one-third of mine victims are children living in the countryside.

Humanitarian mine clearance in Cambodia commenced in 1992 under the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC). When the UNTAC mandate terminated in late 1993, humanitarian mine clearance operations continued with financial and technical support from the international community.

Today, mine clearance, mine risk education, survivor assistance, and related mine action activities are conducted in Cambodia under the authority of the Cambodian Mine Action and Victim Assistance Authority (CMAA).